Ppt direct torque control of induction motor ppt vinod. While this is not a severe problem for small motors. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding. The last one is very important because a generator is a reverse motor. Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase induction. For better understanding the principle of three phase induction motor, the basic constructional feature of this motor must be known. An induced current occurs in the rotor conductors and. Induction motors introduction threephase induction motors are the most common and frequently encountered machines in industry simple design, rugged, lowprice, easy maintenance wide range of power ratings. Tesla polyphase induction motors ac motors electronics. A stationary stator consisting of a steel frame that supports a hollow. An induction motor can be defined as the ac electric motor device in which a power source fed by the alternating current with the help of a primary winding.
The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various. Induction motors in practice what controls the speed of an ac motor. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type motor should be used most often. Induction motor 1 chapter 3 induction motor bee23 electrical machine power system 2 learning outcomes. Today we are going to made available a powerpoint presentation file for all. This elearning module provides a basic understanding of three phase induction motors. Brushless dc motors or bldc motors have become a significant contributor of the modern drive technology. Powering industry since replacing the steam engine from tiny hysteresis motors that drive electric clocks to huge synchronous motors that develop more than 50,000 hp, the alternating current ac motor has become an indispensable part of everyday life. The reason why there is not power is because the difference between the synchronous speed and the operating speed is zero. Induction motors are the commonest type of motor and account for a very large proportion of heavy duty motors. Starting method for induction motors a 3phase induction motor is theoretically self starting. An introduction to electric motors stmicroelectronics.
Ac induction motors how ac motors work explain that stuff. By far the most commonly used ac motor is the induction motor. Ppt single phase induction powerpoint presentation free. As previously, we have covered a lot of important topics. Once the motor picks up the speed, this additional winding is removed from the supply. Threephase induction motors are the most common and. For reason of economy, most houses, offices and also rural areas are supplied with single phase a. In addition to providing basic information about ac motors. Induction heating takes place in an electrically conducting object not necessarily magnetic steel when the object is placed in a varying magnetic field. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation. Squirrel cage wound rotor with slip rings the rotating magnetic field.
Magnetism and induction a motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy ac alternating current reverses poles of electromagnetic coil 120 times per sec 60hz. Basics of brushless dc motors bldc motors construction. Scroll to the bottom to watch the youtube tutorial on this article the induction motor is the most common type of electrical motor used in industry, and its used in pretty much everything, from elevators. Have fun performance of the system compared with motor performance based on data sheet cim motor also known as chiaphua and atwood stall torque stall 347 ozin 2.
Induction motor is the property of its rightful owner. An induction motor is the most modest electrical machine from constructional point of view, in the majority of the cases. Induction motor works on the principle of induction where electromagnetic field is induced into the rotor when rotating magnetic field of stator cuts the stationary rotor. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles.
Squirrel cage induction motors draw 500% to over % of full load current flc during starting. Free download induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report. For example, in an induction motor, it may be as high as 3050 % of rated current whereas it is only 15% of rated current in a transformer. In synchronous ac motors, the rotor turns at exactly the same speed as the rotating magnetic field. The induction machine is used as a motor and as a generator. The rotor has salient poles and a cage so that it starts like an induction motor, and runs like a synchronous motor. Torque control of dc motors contd the field flux f f produced by field current if is orthogonal to the armature flux a a produced by the armature current ia. If the speeds become equal, there would be no such relative speed, so no emf induced in the rotor, and no current would be flowing, and therefore no torque would be generated. Introduction to induction motor instrumentation and control. The major difference between them is that transformer is static in nature i.
It is made up of stacked steel laminations with axially cut slots for winding. Threephase induction motor ppt download slideplayer. Induction motor is an ac electric motor, having a stator and a rotor just like other motors, but the working principle is a little different which would be discussed further. Introduction to induction motor the engineering projects. Aninduction motor works on transforming action the stator works as the primary while the rotor works as the secondary it is also called asynchronous motor. For example, in a credit cards the magnetic strips on the back of the card or in order to generate voltage in motors. Induction motors, also known as asynchronous motors, rely solely on ac as a power source. Motor basics magnetism and induction motor speed relationship. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements. This article is devoted to slip ring induction motors.
A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. One singlephase wattmeter plus miscellaneous apparatus as needed. We know about the activity of a capacitor in a pure a. Sep 27, 2016 induction motor is an ac electric motor, having a stator and a rotor just like other motors, but the working principle is a little different which would be discussed further. An induction motor is composed of a rotor, known as an armature, and a stator containing windings connected to a polyphase energy source as shown in the figure below. Induction motor works on the principle of induction where electromagnetic field is induced into the rotor when rotating magnetic field of stator cuts the. An ac motor of this type may be part of a pump or fan or connected to some other form of mechanical equipment such as a winder, conveyor, or mixer. Principle of operation a rotating field is set up in the stator when a 3 phase supply is given. There are two types of induction motors, one is named as single phase induction motor, while the second one is named as 3 phase induction motor.
Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of. Traditional design of cage rotor induction motors ronald g. Singlephase induction motor threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. Find out here with this article on induction motors. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase. Induction motor maintenance february 17, 2019 february 24, 2012 by electrical4u maintenance as the name suggests it is the action necessary for retaining or restoring a piece of equipment or machine to the specified operable condition to achieve its maximum useful life. In this section, youll learn about basics of induction motors. The stator of an induction motor consists of 3phase windings, which when connected to a 3phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. Electrical machines are electromechanical energy converson devices.
Nov 03, 2019 an induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. Induction motor works on the principle of induction where electromagnetic field is induced into the rotor when rotating magnetic field of stator cuts the stationary. Ppt induction motor powerpoint presentation free to download. Mechanical energy what is an electric motor an electric motor is a device converting electrical energy into mechanical energy usually a torque. Difference is that transformer is an alternating flux machine while induction motor is rotating flux machine. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about three phase induction motor ppt. There are two basic reasons for the use of singlephase motors rather than 3phase motors. The stator works as the primary while the rotor works as the secondary.
Because there are no brushes or moving parts in an induction motor other than the rotor, supported by usually sealed bearings, the induction motor is robust and maintenance free. These are also called as asynchronous motors, because an induction motor always runs at a speed lower than synchronous speed. Electrical motor coverts electrical energy into mechanical energy and electrcal generators are vice versa. Sep 27, 2019 the following image shows the crosssection of a bldc motor. Basics of a electric motor is the property of its rightful owner. Their rapid gain in popularity has seen an increasing range of applications in the fields of consumer appliances, automotive industry, industrial automation, chemical and medical, aerospace and instrumentation. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. As discussed earlier, a slip ring induction motor is an asynchronous motor, as the rotor never runs in synchronous speed with the stator poles. In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives. In small motors with small diameters the taper on the tooth or. If an induction generator is asynchronous, then at synchronous speed no power is delivered. The ac induction motor is the most used electrical motor in industrial applications worldwide. Types of electric motors electric motors dc motors other motors h ac motors s unt motor separately excited induction motor stepper motor motor brushlessdc motor series motor hysteresis motor permanent magnet dc pmdc synchronous motor reluctance motor compounded motor universal motor.
This course is intended to prepare the target persons with the ability to understand and recognize different types, components, theory of operation and applications of all electrical motors. The simple 2phase induction motor below is similar to the 12 horsepower motor which nikola tesla introduced in 1888. Induction heating is due to the hysteresis and eddycurrent losses. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. Direct torque control dtc is one of the most excellent control strategies of torque control in induction motor. Motor current signature analysis mcsa is a proven and accepted method for determining the condition of a motors current carrying components. The theoretical speed of the rotor in an induction motor depends on the frequency of. Generally, it is known as the asynchronous motor because its running speed is less than its synchronous speed. Basics of induction motors basics of electrical engineering.
Dec 27, 2016 variable frequency and constant vf control of induction motor with spwm inverter for four quadrant operation. The structure of the stator of a bldc motor is similar to that of an induction motor. Before starting to explain how an induction asynchronous generator works, i assume that you know the working principle of an induction motor. How does an induction motor work how it works 3 phase motor ac. Ppt basics of a electric motor powerpoint presentation. This will link and cut the rotor conductors which in turn will induce a current in the rotor conductors and. Induction motor most common motors in industry advantages.
But if a motor is driven at a higher speed than the synchronous speed, the. How does a threephase alternating current induction motor work. Testing can be conducted without interrupting the normal operation of the motor, and in fact should be performed when the motor is under a minimum of 70% load. These types of motors are known as selfstarting induction motors. Learn the principle of power factor improvement and evaluating the cost of electricity. This final thesis will mostly be dedicated to induction motors but also to synchronous permanent magnet and reluctance motors. Stepper motor also called as step motor is basically a brushless dc motor, whose rotor rotates through a fixed angular step in response to input current pulse. An introduction to electrical motors basics course description. Speed torque characteristics of induction motor from eq.
Torque speed characteristics of induction motor slip. To get a good understanding of the working principle of a three phase. This conversion is usually obtained through the generation of a. A motor with only armortisseur windings is called an induction motor. There basically 2 types of induction motor depending upon the type. Harley and yao duan georgia institute of technology november, 2009. This is the basic principle followed by all these types of single phase induction motors. However, the slip at which the maximum torque occurs changes with rotor resistance. The aim is to control effectively the torque and flux. Rotating flux is only possible when 3 phase voltage or poly phase which is 120 degree apart in time is applied to a three phase winding or poly phase winding 120 degree apart in space. There are two types of induction motors, one with wound type rotor, also called slipring motor and another one with squirrelcage rotor.
Thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. Ppt presentation on speed control of induction motor. Introduction to induction motor instrumentation and. Most of the industrial load are inductive, especially 3ph induction motors are widely used in industrial applications for continious operation. Ppt induction motor powerpoint presentation free to. A case study the simulation results of a vector control system with induction motor based.
An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. Ppt threephase induction motor electrical engineering. Theory of heating by induction induction heating was first noted when it was found that heat was produced in transformer and motor windings, as mentioned in the chapter heat treating of metal in this book. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with the stator field. If so, share your ppt presentation slides online with. For an induction motor with p polesand f frequency, slip for induction motors a very important parameter is the slip of the motor the slip, s, defines the relative speed difference between synchronous speed and rotor speed and is given by. Learn all about induction motors including the working principle of an induction motor, and the different types of induction motors available. Jun 04, 2015 a small induction motor may have over 5% slip at full load while in larger induction motors the fullload slip may be under 1%.
The singlephase induction motor can be made to be selfstarting in numerous ways. Induction motors ppt transformer electrical engineering. Types of single phase induction motors electronics hub. Just like a dc machine, a same induction machine can be used as an induction motor as well as an induction generator, without any internal modifications. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. Basics of induction heating technology radyne corporation. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. Another method is the capacitor start induction run motors. Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report study mafia. That means, the full rotation of the rotor is divided into equal number of steps, and rotor rotates through one step for each current pulse. The singlephase motor stator has a laminated iron core with two windings arranged perpendicularly. Uses soft magnet rotor that is magnetized by the application of current in the stator coils 3. When a capacitor is so introduced, the voltage lags the current by some phase angle. Learn more about the construction and operation of a slip ring induction motor.
Single phase induction motor the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. How an induction motor works by equations and physics. The theory used in the work was collected by studying literature on how electrical motors work, and by simplifying the. Hysteresis losses only occur in magnetic materials such as steel, nickel, and very few others. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Apr 18, 2020 ppt threephase induction motor electrical engineering ee notes edurev is made by best teachers of electrical engineering ee. Download 3 phase induction motor powerpoint presentation. When the rotor resistance is increased, so is the slip for maximum torque, and the stable operating slip range of the. Induction generators are also called as asynchronous generators. Dec 19, 2015 single phase induction motors are used primarily for domestic and lightindustrial applications where threephase supply is generally not available. As you can see in the image, a bldc motor consists of two main parts. How an induction motor works by equations and physics introduction.
As mentioned above that, due to the rotating magnetic field of the stator, the induction motor becomes self starting. Other motors that are included are 1phase induction motors, permanent synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors. This is one of the most widely used types of single phase induction motors. The actual fullload slip of a particular motor is dependant on the motor design. Sizes vary from fractional horsepower to several thousand horsepower used for such appli. Accordingly, the theory of induction heating was studied so that motors and transformers could be. Torque control of an induction motor im based on dtc strategy will be developed. This document is highly rated by electrical engineering ee students and has been viewed 2495 times. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives.
View and download powerpoint presentations on three phase induction motor ppt. Induction motors are the most commonly used motors in many applications. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance.
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